Back to Handbook
    Feeds & Speeds

    Feed per Tooth (Chip Load)

    Calculate feedrate from RPM, flute count, and chip load.

    formula
    chipload
    feedrate
    beginner

    Formula

    IPM = RPM × Z × IPT

    Units: in/min

    Machine-readable reference

    Structured metadata for formulas, tags, canonical status, and future diagram support.

    Slug

    feed-per-tooth

    Category

    Feeds & Speeds

    Canonical

    Yes

    Updated

    4/23/2026

    Units

    in/min

    Tags

    formula, chipload, feedrate

    Source

    Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed., Milling Feed Rates

    Feed per Tooth

    Chip load is the amount of material each flute removes per revolution. Too little feed causes rubbing and heat. Too much feed risks tool breakage.

    Formula

    IPM = RPM × Z × IPT

    Typical 1/2 in carbide end mill chip loads

    • Aluminum: 0.005 to 0.012 in/tooth
    • Mild steel: 0.003 to 0.006 in/tooth
    • Stainless: 0.004 to 0.007 in/tooth
    • Titanium: 0.002 to 0.004 in/tooth

    Source: Machinery's Handbook, 31st ed., Milling Feed Rates